Researchers keep pig hearts alive in baboons for more than 2 years
This is a real headline.
Should we care?
The picture on the left is a group of doctors transplanting a baboon heart into a human.
Yes - that's right - a baboon heart into a human.
The pig heart question maybe doesn't seem so far-fetched any more does it?
Actually - it's even less far-fetched than you may think -
For the last 10 years, a facility at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, has housed baboons with pig hearts beating in their abdomens. They’re part of an experiment that researchers there hope will help develop pig organs safe for transplant into people, about 22 of whom die each day in the United States alone while waiting for human organs that are in short supply. Today, those NIH researchers and their collaborators report record-setting survival data for five transplanted pig hearts, one of which remained healthy in a baboon for nearly 3 years.
This is from science magazine.
The experiments didn't come without problems. Like the Baboons dying - in spite of the statement made by one of the doctors -
Instead of swapping out a baboon’s original heart, the researchers hooked up the pig heart to blood vessels in the baboon’s abdomen. That way, they could study immune rejection without doing a more elaborate heart surgery—and without needlessly killing a baboon if their approach was a flop.
There will still instances of baboons dying - but apparently they didn't die "needlessly".
However - the big problem -
Simply moving an organ from one animal species into another provokes a violent and immediate attack from the host’s immune system. In early cross-species transplants, “we measured the survivals in minutes,” says David Sachs, a transplant immunologist at Harvard Medical School in Boston, who has worked on xenotransplantation for several decades. In pigs—the most likely candidate for human replacement tissue, in part because their organs are similar in size—a carbohydrate called α 1,3-galactosyltransferase (gal) on the surface of blood vessel cells would prompt the human body to make antibodies that latch onto it and cause blood clots. Once scientists developed a genetically engineered pig lacking the gal gene in 2001, porcine organs began to survive for months in baboons and other nonhuman primates. But these animals still had to be kept on a drug regimen that protected the foreign organ by suppressing their immune systems, leaving them vulnerable to infections.
Simply put - they are having a lot of trouble moving a heart from one type of animal to another. It takes genetic engineering (modifying the genes of the original animal species - the pig in this case). It also takes a lot of drugs to keep the animal that receives the pig heart alive - in this case the baboons. And those drugs lead to the baboons dying from infections that have become immune to the antibiotics that are used to try to keep the new heart from being rejected.
In even simpler terms - moving a heart from one type of animal to another leads to all sorts of problems because the heart doesn't belong in the other animal.
And - in this case, the heart isn't even functioning as a heart. The baboons still have their own hearts and the pig hearts beats, with no real purpose other than to beat, in the baboon's abdomen.
Here's some shocking news - Genesis 1:24 records five thousand years ago that each animal species is different -
Ge 1:24 And God said, “Let the land produce living creatures according to their kinds: livestock, creatures that move along the ground, and wild animals, each according to its kind.” And it was so. 25 God made the wild animals according to their kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, and all the creatures that move along the ground according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.
So where does it say it won't work? Well, one needs to dig a bit deeper for that.
Let's look at what the original Hebrew word translated as "kind" actually meant at that time.
4786 מִין (mîn): n.[masc.]; ≡ Str 4327; TWOT 1191a—LN 58.21–58.30 kind, class, species, i.e., a type of entity in contrast to other entities. 1Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Hebrew (Old Testament) (electronic ed.). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.
OK - one type of entity - in contrast to other entities.
In other words - they are different entities.
Let's go a bit further. What does this mean - an entity in contrast to other entities?
Footnotes
- 1Swanson, J. (1997). Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains : Hebrew (Old Testament) (electronic ed.). Oak Harbor: Logos Research Systems, Inc.
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